he Differences between Conditions, Warranties and Intermediate Terms in Contract Law Essay Example

he Differences between Conditions, Warranties and Intermediate Terms in Contract Law Essay Example he Differences between Conditions, Warranties and Intermediate Terms in Contract Law Essay he Differences between Conditions, Warranties and Intermediate Terms in Contract Law Essay Name: Course: Speaker: Date: The Differences between Conditions, Warranties and Intermediate Terms in Contract Law Presentation The law of agreement can be depicted as a lawfully official understanding between at least two gatherings (Stone 5). In the agreement, there are generally guarantees made by the gatherings in which each gathering is required to finish there part of the bargain. These guarantees can be isolated into three terms in particular conditions, guarantees and halfway. A condition can be depicted as a term that goes to the base of the agreement and non execution of it might prompt the offended party getting all the harms (Law of Contract Part 4 471). A guarantee is a confirmation by one gathering that a condition is valid or it will occur. In any case, it isn't basic, however penetrate of the agreement will result to harms. These are terms which can not be depicted whether they are guarantees of conditions. In the event of a penetrate of an agreement, the court needs to characterize the earnestness of the break as opposed to grouping whether it is a condition or a guarantee (Stone 7). Hence, t his paper is about the contrast between these three terms. Conversation The primary distinction between the three terms is the reality of the terms in an agreement. This is the place the term is essential to the case or not. The term condition is a critical term in the law of agreement, and when penetrated it can prompt the offended party ending the agreement or claming harms (Collins 12). A guarantee isn't that basic to the agreement when contrasted with the condition, however break of a guarantee can prompt the offended party asserting harms. Moderate can nor be delegated a condition or a guarantee. The court governs on the reality of the harms caused to the offended party. A genuine case of a case is Bettini versus Gye (1896). For the situation, Bettini a drama vocalist went into an agreement with Gye where he should act in a show. The agreement expressed that Bettini was to show up six days ahead of time for the show. Be that as it may, because of sickness he showed up two days late. It was decided that Gye didn't reserve any privilege to revoke the agreement, however Bettini was to pay for any harms caused because of his late appearance. This implies the term that trained Bettini was to show up six days ahead of time was not condition since it was an auxiliary of the principle purposes that is acting in the show (Law of Contract Part 4 473). For the situation, acting in the show was the condition while going to six days ahead of time was a guarantee. Another distinction is the cure given to this three terms if there should arise an occurrence of a penetrate. In an agreement, when a condition is penetrated the accompanying cures could be followed. The offended party could disavow or end the agreement. The offended party could sue for harms. If there should arise an occurrence of a break if guarantee the main accessible solution for the offended party is suing for harms. Finally, in the break of a middle of the road, the court chooses dependent on the harm brought about by the offended party. Obviously the two terms are not very surprising from one another corresponding to the cures after a penetrate (Lloyd’s 32). A genuine guide to show this is the situation of Hong Kong Company Limited Versus Kawasaki Kien Limited (1962). For this situation, Kawasaki went into an agreement with Hong Kong Fir Shipping Company for delivery administrations. Hong Kong was to furnish Kawasaki with a boat in great assistance along with able men. Then again, Hong Kong furnished Kawasaki with an ineffectively overhauled transport with inept men. This came about in Kawasaki disavowing the agreement. The court contended that the term, which demanded stability of the boat, was neither a condition nor a guarantee. This is on the grounds that the term is too expansive to be in any way a condition or a guarantee. In this way, it was a middle of the road. For this situation, the court governed relying upon the harms caused to the offended party (Law of Contract Part 4 473). End Hence, in the law of agreement it is vital for gatherings of the agreement to know about the various terms. This is on the grounds that they can be crushed if there should arise an occurrence of a penetrate. For example, the solutions for conditions, guarantees and middle of the road are very surprising from each other. Furthermore, it is significant for the gatherings to satisfy their guarantees since it can prompt a ton of inconveniences. In future, gatherings to the agreement ought to know about the terms and their importance incase of a penetrate. Moreover, they ought to keep away from intricacy by satisfying their guarantees later on. Collins, Hugh. The Law of Contract. London, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Print. Law of Contract Part 4. Development of the Contract. Lloyd’s. Lloyd’s sea and business law quarterly, Volumes 1979-1980. Charlottesville, VA: Lloyd’s, 2000. Print. Stone, Richard. The Modern Law of Contract: Seventh Edition. New York, NY: Taylor Franscis, 2009. Print.

Analysis Of John Donne s Poetry

John Donne is eminent in the realm of verse as the main impact in supernatural verse. His works including pieces, love sonnets, strict sonnets, messages, etc are portrayed by their solid, erotic style, which might be viewed as conflicting to the generalizations of Donne’s work; a churchman. A considerable lot of Donne’s sonnets contain magical vanities and mindful thinking to manage the perusers into a top to bottom comprehension of the speaker’s passionate state. These vanities are elaborate,†¦ John Donne had numerous deterrents for a mind-blowing duration that would characterize him just as his verse. The day he was conceived he confronted one of these hindrances as he was destined to a Roman Catholic family while rehearsing Roman Catholicism was unlawful. The strict clash he confronted destroyed him inside. That was until, obviously, he dismissing his mom and father’s religion, choosing for convert to Anglicanism. As this change occurred, there was additionally an insurgency in the manner in which Donne would write†¦ lies is that, in verse, all realities and all convictions stop to be valid or bogus and become intriguing possibilities†¦It may not, maybe, be completely important that he trust it, yet it is positively fundamental that his feelings be profoundly included, and this they can never be except if, as a man, he pays attention to it more than as a negligible graceful convenience.† It is Donne’s reasonableness and his own encounters which are uncovered with an energy of language in his adoration and strict verse that make him†¦ conspicuous artistic figures of the mid seventeenth century, John Donne has caused broadly contrasting perspectives with respect to the benefits of his work. His notoriety remains on two particular achievements: the clever, exotic love verse of his initial vocation and the genuine, sincere strict composition of his later profession as the Dean of St. Paul 's. Donne 's verse was compelling enough to be viewed as the premise of the supernatural school of verse, as portrayed by later essayists, for example, Richard Crashaw,†¦ John Donne’s ‘The Anniversary’ is about the affection that the storyteller and his better half offer together. The storyteller guarantees his significant other that albeit a time of marriage has passed, and everything has become more established, their adoration hasn’t. He says that when the two of them bite the dust, their bodies will rot, however their affection won’t in light of the fact that their spirits will rejoin in paradise. He proceeds to state that until they kick the bucket, they are lords, secure in their adoration. It does not shock anyone that Donne has talked about rulers and demise in his†¦ torment. A solution for pity. The perfect upbeat consummation of all fantasies. Love is the reason to the butterflies and nervous inclination inside when that unique individual is close. In various situations, love is depicted as a positive advantage forever. Notwithstanding, in John Donne’s poemâ€Å"The Broken Heart,† love destructs and breaks a heart to a degree where rebuilding is inept. All through this downcast sonnet, Donne’s speaker utilizes a plenitude of abstract gadgets, for example, allegories, representation, and symbolism to†¦ Introduction Donne communicates the need to expel the shame around death and see it as inconsequential.Death isn't raised in regular discussion and individuals frequently escape the idea of death when it comes up. Demise is dreaded and feared by a great many people, yet Donne veers away from this disgrace. Demise is represented in this sonnet and is talked downward on by Donne. He ridicules demise by contrasting it with medications and mixtures, which arrangement out a similar destiny, however medications and elixirs are considered not exactly death†¦ Characterizing and examining verse is consistently troublesome in view of its idyllic components and picked words. Through these components, sonnets are typically hard to appreciate. Be that as it may, understanding sonnets can be engaging and spellbinding as a result of the sentimental structures and ground-breaking feelings. One model is John Donne’s â€Å"Batter my heart, Three-Personed God.† This sacred work investigates the feelings of the speaker as he converses with the three-personed God, which is the Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit. He†¦ Sixteenth century artist John Donne writer of the Holy Sonnet Fourteen; ‘Batter my Heart’ is known as the organizer of the Metaphysical Poets a term used to allude to seventeenth century English journalists whose work was portrayed by the imaginative utilization of prides, and by a more prominent accentuation on the spoken instead of expressive nature of their section. Donne receives Petrarchan work structure for most of this sonnet which helps the consistent ease of this poem. Donne’s Religious verse exhibits turning the†¦ John Keats is supposed to be viewed as one of the most â€Å"canniest perusers, translators, and examiners of the â€Å"modern† venture in verse, which looked to stay in the wants and sufferings of the human heart.† His works, for example, Ode to Melancholy is a commendable model concerning how Keats represents the relatable sentiment of torment, and sparkles light on the normal thought that it is to be covered up and veiled with bogus bliss. In this work he advises us to grasp it, to take it by the hand and let it stream through†¦

Contrarian Investing When Theres Blood in the Streets

Contrarian Investing When Theres Blood in the Streets “The Time to Buy is When There’s Blood in the Streets”As Baron Rothschild rightly said in the 18th century itself, has become the motto for contrarian investors around the world.The quote by Rothschild originally was believed to be, “Buy when there’s blood in the streets, even if the blood is your own”, which he implemented himself by buying in the most serious time after the battle of Waterloo during the panic.The belief that when things seem worse in the market is the best time to make a move and profit is considered to be the soul of contrarian investing.If you are new to the world of investing, we would suggest you to take it slow.Let’s see what the contrarian investing strategy is and how it is similar to value investing.WHO IS A CONTRATARIAN?Think about a contrarian as an investor who tries to earn a profit by deviating from the herd and investing when the market seems to go down and sell when others are buying.The crowd, in such cases, tends to overreact to the m arket’s condition without analyzing it carefully which leads to a maximized increment or decrement of the prices allowing the contrarians to profit more than the general investors.Read on to find out more about this type of investing that suggests you buy or sell in extreme conditions and why.CONTRARIAN INVESTINGIn simple terms a contrarian is someone who buys when others are selling and sell when others are hoarding up to avoid subsequent losses, it sounds simple, but is it really?Let’s find out.Now that you know who a contrarian is, it will be easier to understand the process of Contrarian Investing.Contrarian Investing is nothing but a strategy that is characterized by buying and selling goods in opposition to the prevailing market situations.With this strategy, a contrarian dives into the market and buys a stock at times other investors are getting rid of their stocks at a significantly lower price and vice versa.Sometimes the stock price is exploited so much that it exagger ates a company’s risk and belittles its prospects of rising back to its value.Identifying and selling such stocks can lead to extremely heightened profits when the company gains back its popularity, conversely when the price of a stock is skyrocketing it is common that there will soon be a drop leading to loss, at such times the contrarians get rid of such shares when stockholders are accumulating them to avoid future costs.However, contrarian investing is not simply about undervaluing or overvaluing the conventional stock market but about grabbing the opportunity when it presents itself without any fear.Such opportunities may occur when the market is greatly falling or rising.More candidates are identified when a market fluctuates greatly (fluctuation can be positive or negative).The mutual mindset of contrarians is that the worse things seem in the market, the more opportunities appear to profit.The result for such investment is, for example, a contrarian frequently buys cheap s ecurity that others think is a dog and sells a security that everyone else is demanding for.You must have heard the term value investing?It is often used synonymously with contrarian investing but is it the same? Find out!Contrary to popular belief, both, contrary investing and value investing have their differences, but a common similarity is that contrarians often value invest.Wondering how the graph of a contrarian investor would look like? Here is an example. Source: INOWHAT THEN, IS VALUE INVESTING?It is when investors try to find stocks trading at values lower than their intrinsic costs and jump at such opportunities to make huge profits later on when the stock price hits the ceiling.For this, the investors must be patient, and it may mean that they’ll be holding the stock for a while.However, the higher profit makes it worth the wait.The idea is buying a mispriced stock and waiting until eventually, the stock price moves closer to the intrinsic value or above that, at such times the value investors sell the stocks that they got at the cost of stones at the price of gold.FINDING THE RIGHT VALUE OF THINGSValue investors are always looking for bargain deals which may result in earning more than their initial investment; they buy companies when their stocks are priced below their original value allowing themselves the best chance of profiting from their investment.It may seem unnatural, getting more by paying less but that’s what value investors do, in simpler words, value investors exchange a 5-dollar bill for 20 dollars as you’re buying something that is worth more than the company is charging.Benjamin Graham, the father of value investing, advocated an approach he liked to call ‘the cigar-butt approach’ to investing where he bought potential companies that couldn’t meet their intrinsic values and invest in them until they reaped profits.He compared this approach to a cigar-butt he picked up from the street that had one last good puff left in it, taking a drag from it and then throwing it away, this way both the company which other investors would often overlook would get an investor and Benjamin would get one last drag (of their profit).DONT MESS WITH A CONTRARIAN INVESTORContrarian investors, on the other hand, are like that annoying friend, who does the exact opposite of what is advised.Contrarians bet against stocks that are priced more than their cost and also stocks that are suitable for value inv esting (obviously).Value investors are often contrarians, and they know what time is best to buy stocks at bargain prices when most investors are fearful and act oppositely by selling stocks at cheaper values.Contrarian investing is more of a strategy or an approach to investing in extreme conditions whereas value investing is a kind of investing.Now that we know about the father of Value investing, let’s learn about the Wizard or as they call him ‘Oracle of Omaha’, and largest shareholder of Berkshire Hathaway, Warren Buffett, and his investing strategy.Buffett meddled with the traditional concept of value investing in making it his own, and rightly so as he is now one the richest people in the world.He says in an interview, “It is far better to buy a wonderful company at a fair price than a fair company at a wonderful price”, which makes it clear that Buffett is a value investor on the contrarian side that loves to hold stocks until the maximum period before getting the best price.When everybody thinks alike, contrarians see the full picture and invest in the opposite possibility.Where value is investing can be identified by using financial metrics, such as the price to earnings ratio, contrarian investing also identifies the sentiments regarding the stock among other investors such as trading volume and earnings forecast of a company and its business prospects.Here is a look at what some contrarian investors have to say. Now, let’s get back to contrarian investing as a whole and discuss the factors and rules contrarians abide by to make successful investments.THE TOP ASPECTS TO CONSIDER TO INVEST RIGHTHere are some factors that every contrarian must consider before making investments and why.1.  Popular Sites and Magazines are a No-NoMaterial and information that everyone else is using to invest are completely useless for contrarians. They are in fact ‘contrarians’, they must go contrary to the popular flow and make a profit in the process.P opular websites, magazines, newspapers, and TV stations should be treated as irrelevant while investing and must be considered only if you plan to go against what is said in such sources.If most people are buying in you must not buy in, consider it like that, if you’re on a bandwagon that is overloaded and about to buckle under the load, it would be wise to get off that bandwagon.These sources must be used as a guideline to avoid mainstream investments.2. Don’t Fit InContrarians always stand out, they go against the herd and make the most out of it, by critically analyzing different possibilities first.Being a loner helps in contrarian investing while taking a position.Getting approval from others would be impractical if what you wish to do is stand out, and if the crowd automatically approves what you are doing then you must reanalyze your strategy from scratch.3. Leave Warren Buffett AloneLet’s be honest. All those mantras from Warren Buffett are great, but you’re not him (not yet of course).Buffett invests using money from different sources and not his own, holding on to shares for a long time is not advisable as your funds will be blocked during the time.Let’s face it, Buffett has tons of money which he can put on hold without affecting him, but you as a beginner cannot do that.His ideas are all great but not suitable for beginners and people with limited funds.So, all those ‘Warren Buffett’ ideas you penned down while researching on the internet, hold on to them and not your shares.Agility is key, buy stocks hold on for a while and then sell without wasting any time so you can invest in a new position.4. Don’t Hold On (forever)Don’t invest in something and get attached to the position that is counterproductive in any type of investment.Think of it as a piece of paper that you must eventually get rid of in order to increase your productivity in the share market.It’s just an investment, close positions quickly and moves on where the gras s is greener only then can you dare to be different than the masses.5. Look at the Turnaround TimeThe market changes almost rapidly and with fierce aggression, wait for such opportunities and don’t let them affect your investments by financing companies that are doing good and improving at a decent pace.There are several such companies out there which investors often overlook or undervalue based on misjudgments and general hatred among masses; contrarians work hard to find exactly such companies which are being undervalued for all the wrong reasons.Don’t mistake these factors for the rules that you must follow, they are binding, but the rules are definite.There are some similarities between these aspects and the rules contrarians follow, but the factors are not all that you must consider.Let’s look at what else contrarians do to make the most out of their fearsome investments.KEY RULES TO INVEST RIGHTHere is a beginners’ guide to investing you might want to check out. We wil l also talk about some of the other investing tips below.Nothing Popular Helps Directly.Flush out all the popular sources and trends out of your options.Going against the flow is essential for contrarians to win big at the end and following the herd is not the way to go.These magazines and newspapers are like toilet paper for investors, they serve a purpose but that’s it, they’re not the contrarian’s bible.The only thing their information is good for is that it helps contrarians to counter what is trending.Be TechnicalAnalyzing the technicalities is important for any investment, take some time to study the basic tenets of the investment field and sectors.Focus more on the less popular principles, the efficiency of these tenets is surprising after you understand how different tenets, like business and value tenets, operate.Trading InsightsUnderstanding the market is another crucial aspect of contrarian investing know as much as you can about the field and sectors you are playin g in.The market changes at an abrupt pace and being quick on your feet is very important to make smart investments.Be Smart: Follow a PlanBe practical and create a blueprint before you dive into the market because once you invest, there’s no turning back.Don’t enter the market blindfolded; chances are instead of hitting the jackpot you will likely lose everything.The plan must include an individual entry and exit plan in case things don’t go as you intended them to, which is mostly the case with investments.Know When and HowDon’t jump in without thinking and then repent, understand when the time is right to buy and when you must get rid of the stock you’ve been accumulating.Do not use all of your funds in trading shares as chances are; you’ll lose everything, do, it is better to hold on to most of the funds and invest in shares which you are sure (or almost sure) about after researching about the trends.Now that you know all the what and ifs of contrarian investing let†™s find out more about the phenomenon, its importance and how contrarian investing (which seems so simple) can be dangerous.WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?As popularly said by contrarians, “Be fearful when others are greedy and greedy only when others are fearful”, contrarians do exactly that, they buy when other investors are selling and sell when others are buying, it sounds simple, but now you know that it really isn’t.Buying and selling shares during a crisis is very beneficial as it leads to either the price going as low as it gets or completely hyped up which is the point of investing in the share market if you think about it.   Such investors (contrarians) are ready to go against the crowd and put everything online to win big in the long run.When traditional investors are panic-selling, contrarians are taking advantage of this drop in the price to buy more shares, and as they say after every night a new day dawns, the dropped prices after a while, when the company’s worth is rea lized, rise up resulting in substantial growth.Contrarian investment can be looked at as a long-term investment strategy with benefits higher than general and short-term investments.Contrarians never bet for the present; they bet for the future and in a dangerous market where others are generally doing the opposite of what the contrarians intend to do.Traditional investors do not agree with the strategy of contrarian investing, but that is something that contrarians see as a sign that they’re on the right track.RISKY ENDEAVOR â€" UNDERSTANDING THE INHERENT RISKSAs simple as it sounds, there are certain risks associated with going against the flow with contrarian investing, let’s discuss some of them in this section.1. Overpowered by the HerdAs discussed earlier, the concept behind contrarian investing is waiting for the prices to get too high or too low, which sooner or later they will.Like contrarian investing there is another concept of ‘Momentum Investing’ which is the op posite of it.In momentum investing, investors go with the herd and invest where most people are investing; this may create problems and long waiting period for contrarians.When investors start leaning towards the crowd, it means trouble for contrarian investors as the momentum investors are inclined towards the forces that the contrarian went against.A similar situation arose in 1996, when the stock prices reached to dangerously high levels, making many contrarians sell before they had intended to and when this occurs, it generally continues for years as a trend.2. It Gets LonelyLet’s face it, contrarian investing means you’ll be winning when others are not satisfied.It is human nature to want to do what others are doing, contrarians must go to great extents to resist that urge and stay put on their original decision.If you give up your contrarian shares before the intended rise in stocks, then chances are (more than less) you will be in huge debts.There will be times when you w ish to banish your initial plan and begin following force (other investors), but this may result in disastrous situations for you.3. The Crowd is Not Always WrongIt is common practice for contrarians to believe that the stocks where the majority of people are investing are always overpriced.This may not be the case at all times, not everyone is stupid, if many investors are following the same pattern then the odds are generally in their favor and just a single per cent leaning towards you, and honestly, those are not really good odds.The crowd can be right at times, but it is also wrong, it is up to you whether you’re willing to take a risk.4. Overestimation of One’s AbilityNo doubt contrarian investors are smart but perhaps too smart, and this is what gets in their way.They try to rationalize every big fluctuation the market faces and make mistakes as not every big trend means an opportunity; you must know when to buy and sell.You cannot always tell where the market will take y ou; it is only a matter of time that all your dreams are crushed with a curveball the market throws at you.Contrarian Investing requires a mixture of precise judgments and just the right amount of smartness if you think you can hack it then give it a shot and see just how difficult it can be.CONCLUSIONContrarians take risks when they buy or sell shares opposing the natural flow of investors, but with proper planning and implementation (and of course, patience!) they are the ones making the maximum profit.The quote “Buy when there’s blood in the streets, even if the blood is your own” describes this investment strategy rightly, as that is true when the time is right to buy and hit a home run.This trading approach requires a lot of discipline and is not advised to individuals who are impatient as it requires them to wait for a long time.Contrarian investing has its downsides, like any other investing strategy; however, with the high return rate, it is highly advised to become a contrarian if you have the capital.Go against the flow and test your skills and luck at the stock market.

Definition and Examples of Euphuism (Prose Style)

Euphuism is an elaborately patterned prose style, characterized in particular by the extensive use of similes and metaphors, parallelism, alliteration, and antithesis. Adjective: euphuistic. Also called  Asianism and aureate diction. Euphuism is about infinite expansion, says Katharine Wilson. A  single thought can breed analogies, anecdotes, intellectual choices, and printed pages (Turne Your Library to a Wardrope: John Lyly and Euphuism in  The Oxford Handbook of English Prose 1500-1640, 2013).The term euphuism (from the Greek, to grow, bring forth) is derived from the name of the hero in  John Lylys ornately florid Euphues, the Anatomy of Wit (1579).Euphuism is not related to euphemism, a more common term. Commentary The freshest colours soonest fade, the teenest razor soonest turneth his edge, the finest cloth is soonest eaten with moths, and the cambric sooner stained than the coarse canvas: which appeared well in this Euphues, whose wit, being like wax, apt to receive any impression, and bearing the head in his own hand, either to use the rein or the spur, disdaining counsel, leaving his country, loathing his old acquaintance, thought either by wit to obtain some conquest, or by shame to abide some conflict; who, preferring fancy before friends and his present humour before honour to come, laid reason in water, being too salt for his taste, and followed unbridled affection, most pleasant for his tooth. (John Lyly, from Euphues, 1579)Nothing daunted at the staunch refusal of different divines, whose modest walk was interrupted by their bold assertion of loathsome rights, they moved on, while laughs of hidden rage and defeat flitted across their doll-decked faces, to die as they next accosted so me rustic-looking critics, who, tempted with their polished twang, their earnest advances, their pitiful entreaties, yielded, in their ignorance of the ways of a large city, to their glossy offers, and accompanied, with slight hesitation, these artificial shells of immorality to their homes of ruin, degradation and shame. (Amanda McKittrick Ros, Delina Delaney, 1898) Euphuism and Rhetoric The historians tell us that Euphuism is older than Euphues, but they have failed to notice that the English study of rhetoric provides a much better indication of its origin than do the imagined influences of Italy and Spain. ... Now, the recipe, so to speak, of Euphuism is to be found in The Arte of Rhetorique [1553]. By this is not meant that we claim that [Thomas] Wilsons book taught Lyly his secret; only that it was through the fashionable study of rhetoric in the literary coteries of the time that this manner of writing was evolved. Examples of what is meant abound in this book. (G.H. Mair, introduction to Wilsons Arte of Rhetorique. Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 1909) Euphuism and Tacit Persuasion Patterns The locus classicus for the tacit persuasion patterns we have been discussing is a linguistically lunatic Elizabethan short novel, John Lylys Euphues. ... The book consists mostly of moralizing speeches, couched in a style so full of antithesis, isocolon, climax and alliteration that it comes to be about tacit persuasion patterns. ...[A] reader of Lyly is so conditioned to antitheses that he starts to make them at the least suggestion. Chiasmus as well as double-isocolon has become a way of perceiving. ...[Lyly] didnt have anything new to say. In his moral world, nothing new was left to say. How make a splash, then? You let the tacit persuasion patterns generate the meaning for you. Finding yourself with nothing to say, you deliver yourself methodically into the arms of chance. And so Euphues, whatever help it may provide for prodigal sons, comes to be a pattern-book of tacit persuasion. ...We see better illustrated here than in any other prose style I know the back-pressure form exe rts on thought. Vernon Lee, an acute student of English style, once called syntax the cast left by long repeated acts of thought. Lyly stood this observation on its head, thought becoming the cast left by infinitely repeated tacit persuasion patterns. (Richard A. Lanham, Analyzing Prose, 2nd ed. Continuum, 2003)

Biography of Elijah McCoy, American Inventor

Elijah McCoy (May 2, 1844–October 10, 1929) was an African-American inventor who received more than 50 patents for his inventions during his lifetime. His most famous invention was a cup that fed lubricating oil to machine bearings through a small tube. Machinists and engineers who wanted genuine McCoy lubricators might have used the expression the real McCoy—a term meaning the real deal or the genuine article. Fast Facts: Elijah McCoy Known For: McCoy was an African-American inventor who improved steam engine technology by designing an automatic lubricator.Born: May 2, 1844 in Colchester, Ontario, CanadaParents: George and Mildred McCoyDied: October 10, 1929 in Detroit, MichiganAwards and Honors: National Inventors Hall of FameSpouse(s): Ann Elizabeth Stewart (m. 1868-1872), Mary Eleanor Delaney (m.1873-1922) Early Life Elijah McCoy was born on May 2, 1844, in Colchester, Ontario, Canada. His parents—George and Mildred McCoy—were former slaves who had fled Kentucky for Canada on the Underground Railroad. George McCoy enlisted in the British forces, and in return, he was awarded 160 acres of land for his service. When Elijah was 3, his family moved back to the U.S. and settled in Detroit, Michigan. They later moved to Ypsilanti, Michigan, where George opened a tobacco business. Elijah had 11 brothers and sisters. Even as a young child, he enjoyed playing with tools and machines and experimenting with different ways to fix and improve them. Career At the age of 15, McCoy left the United States for a mechanical engineering apprenticeship in Edinburgh, Scotland. After becoming certified, he returned to Michigan to pursue a position in his field. However, McCoy—like other African-Americans at the time—faced racial discrimination that prevented him from earning a position appropriate to his level of education. The only job he could find was that of a locomotive fireman and oiler for the Michigan Central Railroad. The fireman on a train was responsible for fueling the steam engine and the ​oiler lubricated the engines moving parts as well as the trains axles and bearings. Because of his training, McCoy was able to identify and solve the problems of engine lubrication and overheating. At that time, trains needed to periodically stop and be lubricated to prevent overheating. McCoy developed a lubricator for steam engines that did not require the train to stop. His automatic lubricator used steam pressure to pump oil wherever it was needed. McCoy received a patent for this invention in 1872, the first of many he would receive for his improvements to steam engine lubricators. These advancements improved transit by allowing trains to travel farther without pausing for maintenance and re-oiling. McCoys device not only improved train systems; versions of the lubricator eventually appeared in oil-drilling and mining equipment and construction and factory tools. According to the patent, it did so by provid[ing] for the continuous flow of oil on the gears and other moving parts of a machine in order to keep it lubricated properly and continuous and thereby do away with the necessity of shutting down the machine periodically. As a result, the lubricator improved efficiency in a variety of fields. In 1868, Elijah McCoy married Ann Elizabeth Stewart, who died four years later. A year later, McCoy married his second wife, Mary Eleanora Delaney. The couple had no children. McCoy continued to improve upon his automatic lubricator design and make designs for new devices. Railroad and shipping lines began using McCoy’s new lubricators and the Michigan Central Railroad promoted him to an instructor in the use of his new inventions. Later, McCoy became a consultant to the railroad industry on patent matters. McCoy also obtained patents for some of his other inventions, including an ironing board and a lawn sprinkler, which he had designed to reduce the work involved in his household tasks. In 1922, McCoy and his wife Mary were in a car accident. Mary later died from her injuries, and McCoy experienced severe health problems for the rest of his life, complicating his professional obligations. The Real McCoy The expression the real McCoy—meaning the real thing (not a fake or inferior copy)—is a popular idiom among English-speakers. Its exact etymology is unknown. Some scholars believe it comes from the Scottish the real McKay, which first appeared in a poem in 1856. Others believe the expression was first used by railroad engineers looking for the real McCoy system, i.e. a lubricator equipped with Elijah McCoys automatic drip cup rather than a poor knockoff. Whatever the true etymology, the expression has been associated with McCoy for some time. In 2006, Andrew Moodie developed a play based on the inventors life called The Real McCoy. Death In 1920, McCoy opened his own company, the Elijah McCoy Manufacturing Company, to produce his products himself rather than licensing his designs to existing companies (many of the products he designed did not feature his name). Unfortunately, McCoy suffered in his later years, enduring a financial, mental, and physical breakdown that landed him in the hospital. He died on October 10, 1929, from senile dementia caused by hypertension after spending a year in the Eloise Infirmary in Michigan. McCoy was buried in Detroit Memorial Park East in Warren, Michigan. Legacy McCoy was widely admired for his ingenuity and accomplishments, especially in the African-American community. Booker T. Washington—an African-American educator and leader—cited McCoy in his Story of the Negro as the African-American inventor with the greatest number of patents. In 2001, McCoy was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. A historical marker stands outside his old workshop in Ypsilanti, Michigan, and the Elijah J. McCoy Midwest Regional U.S. Patent and Trademark Office in Detroit was named in his honor. Sources Asante, Molefi Kete.  100 Greatest African Americans: a Biographical Encyclopedia. Prometheus Books, 2002.Sluby, Patricia Carter.  The Inventive Spirit of African Americans: Patented Ingenuity. Praeger, 2008.Towle, Wendy, and Wil Clay.  The Real McCoy: the Life of an African-American Inventor. Scholastic, 1995.

Essay on Social Networking Sites Free Essays

Essay on Social Networking Sites Social networking sites peaked the year 2007. These sites encouraged online social connections. Early sites such as SixDegrees. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on Social Networking Sites or any similar topic only for you Order Now com and Friendster allowed people to manage a list of friends. One drawback to these sites was that they did not offer users the ability to publish content like blogs. Social networking sites begin with a group of founders sending out messages to friends to join the network. In turn the friends send out messages to their friends, and the network grows. When members join the network, they create a profile. Depending on the site, users can customize their profile to reflect their interests. They also begin to have contact with friends, acquaintances, and strangers. Founded in 2002, Friendster used the model of friends inviting friends to join in order to grow its network. It quickly signed on millions of users. Unfortunately, as the site grew larger, technical issues surfaced. Painfully slow servers made it difficult for users to move around the site. Additionally, management enforced strict policies on fake profiles. These false profiles, or â€Å"fakesters,† as they were known, were deleted by the site. This approach turned off users. Eventually, Friendster began to lose members in the United States. Fellow networking site SixDegrees. com closed its doors after the dot-com bust in 2000. Within a few years, these early social networking sites found their popularity declining. At the same time, a new social networking site called MySpace was beginning to take off. THE RISE OF MYSPACE MySpace brought together the social features of networking sites and the publishing capabilities of blogs. The combination of the two tools struck a home run with teens. Young people were looking for a more social way to blog. MySpace provided the solution. In 2003 Tom Anderson and Chris DeWolfe launched MySpace in Santa Monica, California. As music fans, the pair designed the site as a place to promote local music acts. They also wanted to be able to connect with other fans and friends. On MySpace, users created a Web page with a personal profile. Then they invited other users to become their friends. According to DeWolfe, the bands were a great marketing tool in the beginning. He said: â€Å"All these creative people became ambassadors for MySpace by using us as their de facto promotional platform. People like to talk about music, so the bands set up a natural environment to communicate. â€Å"1 Anderson and DeWolfe were determined to keep MySpace an open site. Anyone could join the community, browse profiles, and post whatever they wanted. User control was one of their founding principles. It also made initial financing hard to find. According to Anderson: â€Å"We’d get calls from investor types who wanted to meet us. They would say ‘Your site isn’t professional. Why do you let users control the pages? They’re so ugly! ‘†2 In the meantime MySpace continued to sign people up. Teens and young adults loved the site. They flocked to create their own profiles. The ability to customize pages, load music, and share videos added to the MySpace appeal. Unlike other early social networking sites, MySpace gave users a media-rich experience. Users could express themselves on their Web page by adding music and video clips. At the same time, they could socialize with friends. MySpace made social contact easier with tools such as e-mail, comment posts, chat rooms, buddy lists, discussion boards, and instant messaging. MySpace brought together the ability to express oneself and to socialize in one place. The timing was perfect. Over the next two years, MySpace grew at a tremendous pace. The site’s success brought attention from investors. Rupert Murdoch, famous for his media empire, wanted to buy MySpace. Murdoch had interests in television, film, newspapers, publishing, and the Internet. In 2005 Murdoch purchased MySpace for an amazing $580 million. By early 2008 MySpace had grown to a mind-blowing 110 million active users. It signed an average of thirty thousand people up every day. One in four Americans was on MySpace. The Web site had become the giant among social networking sites. It was the most trafficked site on the Internet. MySpace’s influence traveled outside of the United States. The company built a local presence in over twenty international territories. MySpace could be found in places such as the United Kingdom, Japan, Australia, and Latin America. In a few short years, MySpace had become a worldwide cultural phenomenon. SOCIAL NETWORKING BEYOND MYSPACE The success of MySpace in the social networking arena spurred the development and redesign of many other online social networks. Some sites appealed to a general audience. Others, such as Black Planet, LinkedIn, and MyChurch, sought to serve a niche market. Facebook was one site that emerged as an alternative to MySpace. In February 2004 Harvard student Mark Zuckerberg launched Facebook. The site began as a closed network for college students. Closed networks only allow users to join if they meet certain criteria. In contrast, sites such as MySpace and Friendster were open social networking sites. Anyone could sign up for an account. Open and closed social networks have advantages and disadvantages. Open networks foster interaction between adults and teens. Parents can check up on their teen’s profile and decide if they are comfortable with their child’s online image. On the other hand, open access means that profiles are completely public and can attract unwanted attention. Closed networks are generally smaller. As such, there is a greater chance a user will know other members both online and offline. But a closed network blocks parents from reading their teen or college student’s profile. Being closed also limits a social network’s ability to grow and attract new users. As a closed college network, Facebook grew by adding more colleges to its network. By the end of 2004, Facebook had almost 1 million active users. As Facebook’s popularity grew, it expanded beyond colleges to high school and international school users. At this point, however, the site was still restricted to a limited pool of student users. In 2006 Facebook made a pivotal decision. It opened the network to the general public, expanding beyond its original student base. By May 2008 Facebook boasted over 70 million active users. At that time, it was the second-most trafficked social networking site behind MySpace and the sixth-most trafficked site on the Web. As an alternative to MySpace, Facebook’s social network gained popularity with business professionals and colleagues. Facebook’s purpose was to help users connect online with people that they already knew offline. Unlike the wild-looking pages found on MySpace, Facebook promoted a clean, orderly online experience. VIDEO- AND PHOTO-SHARING SITES Online social networking evolved into a full multimedia experience with the arrival of video- and photo-sharing Web sites. Users could upload visual content to share with friends and other users. Photo-sharing sites such as Flickr enabled users to transfer digital photos online to share with others. Users decided whether to share their photos publicly or limit access to private groups. Users could also use the site’s features to organize and store pictures and video. One of the most popular video-sharing Web sites was YouTube. The site, founded in 2005, used Adobe Flash technology to display clips from movies and television, music videos, and video blogs. Users could upload, share, and view video clip topics from the latest movies to funny moments captured on film. Not everyone wanted to create a profile, write a blog, or upload pictures and video. Other social networking tools allowed these users to participate online. E-mails sent messages to a friend’s electronic mailbox. Instant messaging was a real-time conversation between two people online at the same time. Comment posting allowed users to interact and talk about a friend’s blog, profile, or pictures. Even online gaming was a form of social networking, allowing players to meet other people with similar interests online. WHY IS ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKING SO POPULAR? The popularity of online social networking has prompted researchers to explore the similarities between online social networks and tribal societies. According to Lance Strate, a communications professor at Fordham University, social networks appeal to people because they feel more like talking than writing. â€Å"Orality is the base of all human experience,† said Strate. â€Å"We evolved with speech. We didn’t evolve with writing. â€Å"3 Irwin Chen, an instructor at Parsons design school, is developing a new course to explore oral culture online. He agrees with Strate. â€Å"Orality is participatory, interactive, communal and focused on the present,† he says. â€Å"The Web is all of these things. â€Å"4 Michael Wesch teaches cultural anthropology at Kansas State University. He studied how people form social relationships while living with a tribe in Papua New Guinea. He compared the tribe to online social networking. â€Å"In tribal cultures, your identity is completely wrapped up in the question of how people know you,† he said. â€Å"When you look at Facebook, you can see the same pattern at work: people projecting their identities by demonstrating their relationships to each other. You define yourself in terms of who your friends are. â€Å"5 Despite the connections between social networks and tribal cultures, significant differences exist. In tribal societies relationships form through face-to-face contact. Social networks allow users to hide behind a computer screen. Tribal societies embrace formal rituals. Social networks value a casual approach to relationships. Millions of people across the world have joined online social networks. Perhaps their popularity stems from our innate desire to be part of a community. According to Strate, social networking â€Å"fulfills our need to be recognized as human beings, and as members of a community. We all want to be told: You exist. â€Å"6 How to cite Essay on Social Networking Sites, Essay examples

Essentials of Business Communication-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Communication in Business. Answer: For running a business, sharpening some skills is very important. The most important skills that needs practise are the communication skills and the literature or academic development skills (Kaul 2014). Increasing my literature skills throughout the trimester, I got more realistic opinions about what is needed to keep in mind while running a business. The ideas I got through the enhancement of my literature skills helped me to know the inner perspectives of the business world and the competitors. The achievement of this knowing skill has enhanced my sense of thinking in a way the businesspersons think. While enhancing my literature skills I have seen the collections of things that a business includes growing in my head and which resulted in the increase of business ideas. During my trimester, I covered the challenges that one faces during running of a business and the importance of communication in the business world. I also research on the development of interpretation skills and a bout the business ethics and communication requirements. All of the above dealt with the improvement that, I required, and are the reflections of the communication and skills that I have grown during my trimester. The communication factor is very important part of business. Communication is a must element needed to maintain success in business along with providing unrestricted environment for work (Beattie and Ellis 2017). While I run a business, I have to communicate with the employees working for me, which will result in a positive and efficient working environment. An organized communication skill will help the business get the maximum production with putting less effort. Communication will not only help the organization in gaining information and profit maximizing but also helps in taking decisions and implementing the same for the sake of improvement of the company. The communication process will also help me in developing good relation with my employees and clients, which will result as the good will of the company (Jenifer and Raman 2015). The good communication process will provide the organization with devoted employees. The efficiency of communication will decline any kind of misunde rstanding between my employees and me as a management body. Through me trimester I have learned that external connections are always necessary for business and this connections can only be established through communication. A good communication process will offer the business with a global connection (Guffey and Loewy 2012). While researching about business ethics I came through the importance of business connections with the outer world, the clients, retailers, agents and manufacturers as well. The communication skill always plays a vital role in planning and handling the business issues. I have learned that without communication, running a business is almost impossible. I came up with several guidelines, throughout my research that states that the presence of a perfect communication system would make the business grow more rapidly. Not even a single business can run without communication. While running a business I will need to motivate my employees in order to make them comfortab le and this can only be done if I communicate with the employees. I have learnt that, useful business communication is the breath of every organization, without which the business world will stop proceeding I have learnt that having good literature skill is very important. While running a business we come across lot of people who belong to the same field. In order to manage the business being in communication with them is must (Singh 2013). Throughout my trimester, I came up with another literature skill, Creativity. In business world, there is always a tough competition. Keeping up in this competitive world may sometime seem hard but having good creative power can melt the ice. If I have good inventiveness and risk management skill then I will be able to compete with others. The unique selling proposition of any business is the creative power of the management (Griffin 2013). New ideas and innovative concepts results in better relation with the clients. The skills of managing time and utilizing it properly and maintaining my leadership skills will directly enhance the business to another level. My company will initiate training sessions to train the employees with the required academic skills. The training of my workers will provide the business with increase in customer satisfaction, gaining productivity and reduce production mistakes. My business will gain more profit if my workers are aware of the literature skills and as a businessperson money is another main thing that has to be kept in mind. Academic skills are very important for the foundation of any business that not only involves the reading but also the interpretation of information (Chmielecki 2015). There is a problem among many businesses that a huge number of workers are not qualified for their jobs. The reasons of that can be either literacy or their less skill power. This reason leads to less productivity of the business (Blume and Board 2013). I will take care of the fact that the workers working under me have enough skill power and if not I will train them with those skills. There are many literature skills that I will train my workers with, they are, reading, the use of documents, writing, increase in their power of oral communication, aware of using computers and improved thinking power, co-operative in nature so that they do not have any problem while working with others and interested in learning. I as a businessperson will set schedule to stop the workers from sitting idle without realizing the work pressure. If I set a schedule then that will help the workers to work properly maintaining time and this will fulfil their part of the time management. I will also come up with their communication skills so that they can directly communicate with some of the companys clients and this will keep up their interest in the work and also enhance their communicative power from time to time. If I let the workers approach directly to the companys clients that will also enhance their thinking power and encourage them to argue on something that can bring bad impact about the company. I will take care of the fact that the workers of my company have constructive criticism power so that they can have a healthy argument with the competitors as well. In the present era, business communication is an uprising element that is required to gain organizational success (Bodie 2012). The communication of any business is the communication flow between the internal body and the external body of the organizations (Ruck and Welch 2013). Formal communication reduces the communication gap and is applicable among both ends of management system of the business. If I train the workers with formal way of communication then, that will enhance professionalism in the environment of the business. The formal communications also has some shortcomings like inflexibility in the way of communication. Free flow of communication does not take place in the formal way of communication (Bodie 2012). If I only maintain the formal way of communication then, the workers under me will have a problem of communicating freely regarding their issues. I have to maintain informal communication with my workers along with formal one because the employees will have a platfo rm to express about their opinion with me and maintain a good attitude towards the business. The shortcoming of informal communication is that it has a lack of reliability. This will sometime make the company stand in front of many challenges and decisions for those unreliable informations. My leadership should have more focus on treating the employees equally. This will solve many problems of the employees (Northouse 2015). After discussing so many things it can be stated that communication is a very important part and pillar of business. It can be hence concluded that, the focus and control are the main elements needed for an effective communication process. The communication process will definitely have a lot of problems but still communication skill is the key factor necessary for running a business (Pagani 2013). If my communication skill is proper and well then my business will be an effective on in competing with other businesses. The main communication process I will follow is the informal one but I will not only focus on that. I will also follow to some extent the formal communication so that the workers can take the work seriously and manage their role well. I will also initiate creativity in my business in order to advance innovative ideas and techniques that will enhance the growth of the business and make more profit. The academic skills of my employees will be a vital part for improving the position of the business. References: Beattie, G., and Ellis, A. W. (2017).The psychology of language and communication. Routledge. Blume, A. and Board, O., (2013). Language barriers.Econometrica,81(2), pp.781-812. Bodie, G.D., (2012). Listening as positive communication.The positive side of interpersonal communication, pp.109-125. Chmielecki, M., (2015). Factors Influencing Effectiveness of Internal Communication.Management and Business Administration,23(2), pp.24-38. Griffin, R. W. (2013).Fundamentals of management. Cengage Learning. Guffey, M.E. and Loewy, D., (2012).Essentials of business communication. Cengage Learning. Jenifer, R.D. and Raman, G.P., (2015). Cross-cultural communication barriers in the workplace.Internafional Journal of Management,6(1), pp.348-351. Kaul, A., (2014).Effective business communication. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Northouse, P.G., (2015).Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Pagani, A., (2013) increased coupling by using horizontal and vertical communication channels. U.S. Patent Application 13/801,354. Ruck, K. and Welch, M., (2013). Valuing internal communication; management and employee perspectives.Public Relations Review,38(2), pp.294-302. Singh, M.N., (2013). Evidence from education and corporate sector'.International Journal of Social Science and Management,1(11), pp.39-42.